Prepared by: DR. Fathi. Department of Cancer TBR. Pficell Academia
| Brand Name | Target Antigen | Approved Indications | Company | Manufacturing Time | Cost (USD) | Key Limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kymriah | CD19 | B-ALL (pediatric), DLBCL (adults) | Novartis | ~3–4 weeks | $475,000 | Cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity |
| Yescarta | CD19 | DLBCL, PMBCL, FL | Kite/Gilead | ~2–3 weeks | $373,000 | CRS, neurotoxicity, relapse risk |
| Tecartus | CD19 | Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) | Kite/Gilead | ~3–4 weeks | $424,000 | For aggressive lymphomas only |
| Breyanzi | CD19 | Large B-cell lymphoma | Bristol Myers Squibb | ~3 weeks | $410,000 | Requires lymphodepletion |
| Abecma | BCMA | Multiple Myeloma | BMS/bluebird bio | ~4–5 weeks | $419,500 | Only for heavily pretreated MM |
| Carvykti | BCMA | Multiple Myeloma | Janssen/Legend | ~5–6 weeks | $465,000 | Complex manufacturing; strict eligibility |
| Brand Name | Mechanism | Indication | Company | Cost (USD) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provenge | DCs primed with tumor antigens (PAP) | Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer | Dendreon | $93,000 | First FDA-approved cell-based cancer vaccine (2010) |
| Brand Name | Mechanism | Indication | Company | Status | Cost Estimate | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amtagvi | Autologous TILs expanded ex vivo | Unresectable or metastatic melanoma | Iovance | FDA-approved in 2024 | $400,000–$500,000 | First FDA-approved solid tumor TIL therapy |
| Parameter | CAR-T | Dendritic Cell (Provenge) | TIL Therapy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Target | Hematologic cancers | Prostate cancer | Solid tumors (melanoma) |
| Source | Autologous T cells | Autologous APCs | Autologous TILs from tumor |
| Engineering | Genetic (CAR via viral vector) | No genetic modification | Expansion only |
| Response Rate | 50–90% | Modest survival benefit | 30–50% ORR |
| Toxicity | High (CRS, neurotoxicity) | Very low | Moderate (IL-2-related) |
| Manufacturing Time | 2–6 weeks | 2–3 weeks | 4–6 weeks |
| FDA Status | Multiple approvals | Approved (2010) | Approved (2024) |
| Type | Indications | Status |
|---|---|---|
| CAR-NK cells | Leukemia, Lymphoma, Solid tumors | Phase I/II |
| TCR-T cells | Melanoma, Synovial Sarcoma | Phase II (Breakthrough Designation) |
| Onco-MSCs | GBM, Metastatic brain tumors | Early clinical trials |
| iPSC-derived NK or T cells | Refractory cancers | Preclinical to early human trials |
CAR-T therapies are the most successful in blood cancers and expanding to CD22 and dual-targets.
TIL therapy is promising for solid tumors including melanoma, cervical, and lung cancers.
Dendritic cell therapy is safe but modest in efficacy and scope.
Cell therapies are expensive, complex, and mainly autologous; off-the-shelf allogeneic options such as CAR-NK are under development.
